ICSE CLASS 10 COMPUTER APPLICATION - Chapter 2: The Java Phenomenon

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1.  What is the significance of WWW?

Ans. WWW or World Wide Web allows a huge pool of information (as web pages) to shared by multiple users over a World Wide Network (Internet) and the introduction of Java makes the web pages dynamic and interactive in a secured manner.


2.  What is Browsing?

Ans. Browsing over the internet allows surfing through the internet, thus enabling the users to see information in different pages and interact with it.


3.  Name two types of Java programs.

4.  Why is Java choice for the Web?

Ans. The introduction of active web pages makes Java an attractive addition to the web page. When we click on a web page containing a Java applet, it is not that we just read it, listen to it, or watch it– we can interact with it. The dynamic, interactive content to the web was brought about by Java: So much so web applications made in Java runs as if it is a computer program installed in the local computer.


5.  What is Java API?

Ans. An application programming interface (API), in the context of Java, is a collection of prewritten packages and classes. Similar to a user interface, which facilitates interaction between humans and computers, an API serves as a software program interface facilitating interaction.

In Java, most basic programming tasks are performed by the API’s classes and packages, which are helpful in minimizing the number of lines written within pieces of code.


6.  Define the term Bytecode.

Ans. Bytecode is a set of pseudo-machine language instructions that are understood and executed by the Java Virtual Machine and are independent of the underlying hardware.

7.  What is JVM? Explain its relationship with bytecode.

Ans. The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is a microprocessor that is implemented in software and runs using the capabilities provided by your operating system and computer hardware. Since the Java virtual machine is not a real microprocessor, the Java bytecode is interpreted, rather than executed, directly in the native machine instructions of the host computer.


8.  What is a platform? How does it differ from a Java platform?
Ans. A platform is the hardware or software environment in which a program remains. Most

platforms may be described as a combination of the operating systems (like Windows 2000/XP, Linux, Solaris, MacOS, etc.) and hardware.

The Java platform differs from most other platforms in that it is a software-only platform that runs on top of other hardware-based platforms. The Java platform has two components:

1.  Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
2.  Java Application Programming Interface (API)
3.   

9.  Why is Java suited for distributed networking applications?

Ans. Java is ideal to make distributed networking applications because of its built-in networking support and the runtime system’s capability to dynamically load Java bytecode across the network.


10.  What makes Java suitable to create secured applications?

Ans. It was designed with multiple layers of security countermeasures embedded in the compiler, run-time system, and in browsers that support Java, known as Java-enabled browsers. These countermeasures make Java inherently more secure for developing any type of trusted application software.


11.  What are the features in Java that were added, but wasn’t present in C++? What were the features that were discarded?
Ans. The features that were added to Java which were not present in C++ are:
1)                        Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
2)                        Java Application Programming Interface (API)

12.  What is the Green Project?

Ans. Patrick Naughton, on December 5th, 1990, started the Green Project, which he defined as an effort to “do fewer things better”.


13.  State the events occurring from the year 1994 onwards with respect to Java. Ans. In the year 1994 the Web emerged, Oak was renamed Java and was used as the basis for a Web browser, called Web Runner. In 1995 Java, along with its documentation, compiler and run-time engine were made available over the Web, as an alpha version. Initially Java was hosted on SPARC Solaris, and then on Windows NT. In the summer of 1995, Java was ported to Windows

95  and Linux.

In the fall of 1995 the Java Beta 1 version was released through Sun Microsystems Website, and Java support was introduced in the Netscape 2.0 browser. During those days it was a fairly popular browser.


14. State the areas in which Java can be used.

Ans. Java applications areas are Enterprise Software, Secured Network Applications and interactive web pages.


15.  What is Java platform? In this respect also discuss why Java is called a programming language and a platform.

Ans. The Java platform is a software-only platform that runs on top of other hardware-based platforms. It has two major components:

1.  Java Virtual Machine (JVM)

2.  Java Application Programming Interface (API)

Java is not just a programming language that is used to develop applications but it also provides a runtime environment that simulates a hardware and software called platform.


16.  State the characteristics of Java. Ans. Characteristics of Java:

a)                  Write Once Run Anywhere (WORA)
b)                  Ligt Weight Code

c)                   Security

d)                  Built-in Graphics

e)                  Object Oriented Language

f)                   Supports Multimedia

g)                  Platform Independent

h)                  Open Product


17.  What are the different types of programs that can be used in Java? Ans. The different type of programs that can be used using Java technology are:

a)                  Applets

b)                  Applications

c)                   Servlets

d)                  Enterprise Java Beans (or EJB)

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